Random number generator

A random number generator (RNG) is a computational tool or algorithm that generates sequences of numbers that lack any discernible pattern, appearing random. RNGs are used in various applications, including simulations, cryptography, gaming, and statistical sampling. True random number generators produce numbers based on physical processes that are inherently unpredictable, such as radioactive decay or atmospheric noise. Pseudo-random number generators, on the other hand, use deterministic algorithms to generate sequences of numbers that approximate randomness. RNGs are essential for many computational tasks where unpredictability and randomness are desired or required.